Boolean search outlook8/21/2023 ![]() The entire group of characters must match exactly, including spaces, punctuation marks, and subfield delimiters. The system retrieves a record if the characters entered are contained, as a group, anywhere in any subfield of the specified field in the record. = 50” retrieves that record, as does a search for “ESTIMATED PRICE <= 50”. If you use the ‘= (Greater than or equal to) The system leaves all punctuation marks and spaces as they are. Thus, to search for all authors whose name begins with ‘a’, ‘b’, or ‘c’, enter the search statement “AUTHOR m AND AUTHOR < n”.īoth the search statement and the data from the record are “normalized” by making all characters lowercase. If all characters in a search statement match the data in a record, but the search statement is shorter, the system considers the data in the record to be “greater than” the search statement. Neither search retrieves a copy on order with an estimated price of $50. Think of this as a search for “author not equal to nothing”, which retrieves all records with an author. For example, the search for “AUTHOR !=” retrieves allrecords that do contain an author field. ![]() Select this operator and do not specify any characters after “!=”. Use to locate records which do contain a particular variable-length field - You can use this Boolean operator to retrieve records that contain a particular variable-length field. This search also retrieves every other record in the database that does not have a MARC 100 field that exactly matches “Cartland Barbara.” Even when you use it in combination with other, more restrictive, conditions, it is not an effective search tool for variable-length fields, since a single difference between the search statement and the data in the field can cause the system to retrieve an undesired record. For example, a search for “AUTHOR != Cartland Barbara” retrieves a record containing the MARC 100 field “Cartland, Barbara,|d1902-“, because subfield ‘d’ was not included in the search statement and therefore the two do not match exactly. If you use this operator alone to search variable-length fields, the system can retrieve virtually the entire database. This operator is NOT recommended for searching variable-length fields. You can search for records that have a single location of “main” using the search “LOCATION != multi AND LOCATION = main”. To find all records that do not have “main” as a location, use the All fields do not have operator. Similarly, the search “LOCATION != main” retrieves records that do not have a single location of “main.” However, it also retrieves records that have a location of “multi” with “main” being one of the multiple locations. For example, a search for “LOCATION != multi” retrieves all records which do not have multiple locations. Use for fixed-length fields - This Boolean operator is useful for searching fixed-length fields. The same “normalization” rules apply as for the Boolean operator ‘=’ (equal to) . The normalized field does not exactly match the characters entered, that is, it has characters other than or in addition to the specified characters. Think of this as a search for “author equals nothing”, which retrieves all records with no authors. For example, the search for “AUTHOR=” retrieves all records that do not contain an author field. Select this operator and do not specify any characters after the equal sign. Use to locate records that do not contain a particular variable-length field - You can use this Boolean operator to retrieve records that lack a particular variable-length field. Use to locate item records that contain a specific course record number - When you choose to search on the /6 COURSE ID field, use this Boolean operator to designate that items retrieved must contain the course record number you specify. Use the “has” operator for searching variable-length fields. For example, a search for “AUTHOR = Cartland Barbara” does not retrieve a record containing the MARC 100 field “Cartland, Barbara,|d1902-“, since the search statement did not include subfield ‘d’. Use for fixed-length fields - This Boolean operator is useful for searching in fixed-length fields However, it is NOT recommended for searching in variable-length fields, since any difference between the search statement and the data in the field causes the system to find no match. The search statement is normalized by making it lowercase. Before making the comparison, the system “normalizes” the data from the field by making it lowercase, converting punctuation marks and subfield delimiters (if any) to spaces, and condensing multiple spaces to a single space.
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